How to set up a terrarium for a reptile

Environment parameters, equipment and a beginner checklist.

The right environment is the main health factor for reptiles. Most illnesses (metabolic bone disease, stuck sheds, infections) come from wrong parameters: too little heat, UVB or humidity. Build a temperature gradient with a warm basking zone and a cool side, provide a UVB lamp, and keep humidity tuned to the species.

What to buy

  • Correctly sized terrarium with ventilation
  • Heat lamp or mat + thermostat
  • UVB lamp (T5/T8) and a timer
  • Two thermometers and a hygrometer
  • Species-safe substrate
  • Hides on warm and cool sides
  • Water dish and calcium dish

Where to start (checklist)

  • 1Look up the exact norms for your species
  • 2Build and test the terrarium 1–2 weeks before the pet
  • 3Confirm a stable temperature gradient
  • 4Check the UVB works and is not expired
  • 5Prepare calcium and vitamins